Using his experience of excavation of residential areas in Olbia, the author considers the problem of developping a more elaborate method of exploring the finds from open and closed archaeological complexes, in particular, the filling of pits and cellars. He introduces the term «conditionally closed complex». He points to the need to analyse not only ceramics, terracotta objects, inscriptions etc, but also the whole of the context, including the layers of ash and rubbish. The author reconsiders the possibility of interpreting «dust-holes» and «storing pits» from the viewpoint of our knowledge of Greek ritual practice, as well as of tracing the dynamics of the filling and the structure of the pit or cellar.